History Pamphlet Pdf Zambia ((top)) -

: Rule was marked by the "Indirect Rule" system through traditional chiefs, the "Chitupa" (pass) system to restrict movement, and racial segregation in housing and education. Central African Federation : From 1953 to 1963, Northern Rhodesia was joined with Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and

: Early resistance grew through welfare societies like the Mwenzo Welfare Society (1923) and later political parties like the African National Congress (ANC) . history pamphlet pdf zambia