If you are downloading a professional PDF, look for these advanced chapters:
: Technicians use the vertical (Voltage) and horizontal (Time) axes to verify if a signal meets specific manufacturer specs. Glitch & Noise Detection pdf automotive oscilloscopes waveform analysis
A mechanic spent 3 hours chasing a "Lean code" (P0171). He replaced the MAF and O2 sensor. Finally, he pulled up a PDF of a known-good MAP sensor waveform for that engine. He saw his waveform had a 0.2v dip at idle that shouldn't exist. It was a worn camshaft lobe causing low vacuum. Fixed in 20 minutes. If you are downloading a professional PDF, look
What are Automotive Oscilloscopes? Keysight Oscilloscope Glossary pdf automotive oscilloscopes waveform analysis