Deleting the "UpperFilters" and "LowerFilters" values for the USB controller class in the Registry Editor (regedit) can reset the driver stack.
Windows 10 and 11 strictly require digitally signed drivers. Many older virtual bus drivers used by legacy systems are unsigned and will be blocked upon system startup. Corrupt Registry Filters:
: Check if your antivirus (Windows Defender or third-party) has quarantined haspds.exe or vbus.sys .